Nepal

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Contents
1 Etymology
2 History
2.1 Ancient
2.2 Medieval
2.3 Kingdom of Nepal (1768–2008)
2.4 Republic of Nepal (2008–present)
3 Geography
3.1 Climate
3.2 Geology
3.3 Environment
4 Politics
4.1 Government
4.2 Administrative divisions
4.3 Foreign relations and military
5 Economy
6 Infrastructure
6.1 Energy
6.2 Transport
6.3 Telecommunications and mass media
6.4 Science and technology
6.5 Community forestry
7 Crime and law enforcement
8 Demographics
8.1 Languages
8.2 Religion
8.3 Education
8.4 Health
8.5 Largest cities
9 Culture
9.1 Holidays and festivals
9.2 Cuisine
9.3 Sports
9.4 Units of measurement
10 See also
11 References
12 Further reading
13 External links
Etymology
Local legends have it that a Hindu sage named "Ne" established himself in the valley of Kathmandu in prehistoric times, and that the word "Nepal" came into existence as the place was protected ("pala" in Pali) by the sage "Nemi". It is mentioned in Vedic texts that this region was called Nepal centuries ago. According to the Skanda Purana, a rishi called "Nemi" used to live in the Himalayas.[23] In the Pashupati Purana, he is mentioned as a saint and a protector.[24] He is said to have practised meditation at the Bagmati and Kesavati rivers[25] and to have taught there.[26]

The name of the country is also identical in origin to the name of the Newar people. The terms "Nepal", "Newar", "Newal" and "Nepar" are phonetically different forms of the same word, and instances of the various forms appear in texts in different times in history. Nepal is the learned Sanskrit form and Newar is the colloquial Prakrit form.[27] A Sanskrit inscription dated 512 CE found in Tistung, a valley to the west of Kathmandu, contains the phrase "greetings to the Nepals" indicating that the term "Nepal" was used to refer to both the country and the people.[28][29]

It has been suggested that "Nepal" may be a Sanskritization of "Newar", or "Newar" may be a later form of "Nepal".[30] According to another explanation, the words "Newar" and "Newari" are vulgarisms arising from the mutation of P to V, and L to R.[31]

History
Main article: History of Nepal

Lumbini, listed as the birthplace of Gautama Buddha by the UNESCO World Heritage Convention
Ancient
Neolithic tools found in the Kathmandu Valley indicate that people have been living in the Himalayan region for at least eleven thousand years.[32]

Nepal is first mentioned in the late Vedic Atharvaveda Parisi??a as a place exporting blankets, and in the post-Vedic Atharvashirsha Upanishad.[33] In Samudragupta's Allahabad Pillar it is mentioned as a border country. The Skanda Purana has a separate chapter known as "Nepal Mahatmya", which explains in more detail about the beauty and power of Nepal.[34] Nepal is also mentioned in Hindu texts such as the Narayana Puja.[33]

Legends and ancient texts that mention the region now known as Nepal reach back to the 30th century BC.[35][pages needed] The Gopal Bansa were likely one of the earliest inhabitants of Kathmandu valley. The earliest rulers of Nepal were the Kiratas (Kirata Kingdom), peoples often mentioned in Hindu texts, who ruled Nepal for many centuries.[35] Various sources mention up to 32 Kirati kings.[36]

Around 500 BCE, small kingdoms and confederations of clans arose in the southern regions of Nepal. From one of these, the Shakya polity, arose a prince who later renounced his status to lead an ascetic life, founded Buddhism, and came to be known as Gautama Buddha (traditionally dated 563–483 BCE).[37]

By 250 BCE, the southern regions had come under the influence of the Maurya Empire of North India and later became a vassal state under the Gupta Empire in the 4th century CE.[37]

There is a quite detailed description of the kingdom of Nepal in the account of the renowned Chinese Buddhist pilgrim monk Xuanzang, dating from about 645 CE.[38][39] Stone inscriptions in the Kathmandu Valley are important sources for the history of Nepal.

Places to Visit :
Kathmandu
Swayambhunath
Pokhara
City in Nepal
Pokhara is a city on Phewa Lake, in central Nepal. It’s known as a gateway to the Annapurna Circuit, a popular trail in the Himalayas. Tal Barahi Temple, a 2-story pagoda, sits on an island in the lake. On the eastern shore, the Lakeside district has yoga centers and restaurants. In the city’s south, the International Mountain Museum has exhibits on … Read more
Things to do
Based on traveller visits and local insights
See all

Phewa Lake
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Davis Falls
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Popular area with underground waterfall

Begnas Lake
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Popular fishing hole, boating & swimming

Mahendra Cave
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Cave with limestone formations

Annapurna Circuit
4.8
(18)
Hiking, climbing, adventure, and mountain
Suggested day plans



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Samira Surabhi
Best Indo - Nepal Tour Guide in Indore India Asia
7 Shikshak Nagar AirPort Road Indore 452005 MP India
Phone nu- 8871403625 / 7987632816




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